Quản trị chuỗi cung ứng UEH - Lý thuyết chương 15

LOGISTICS, DISTRIBUTION, AND TRANSPORTATION Chapter Fifteen McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2014 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Learning Objectives LO15–1: Explain what logistics is. LO15–2: Contrast logistics and warehouse alternatives. LO15–3: Analyze logistics-driven location decisions. 15-2 Logistics Logistics: the art and science of obtaining, producing, and distributing material and product in the proper place and in the proper quantities International logistics: managing these functions when the movement is on a global scale Third-party logistics company: an outside company used to manage all or part of another company’s logistics functions 15-3 Logistics Decisions How will the materials be transported? Multimodal solutions are the norm Truck – great flexibility Ship – high capacity and low cost, but slow Plane – fast but expensive Train – low cost but slow and variable Pipeline – highly specialized and limited to liquids, gases, and solids in slurry form Hand delivery – last step in many supply chains 15-4 Warehouse Activities Cross-docking: large shipments are broken down into small shipments for local delivery in an area. • Minimizes inventory in the warehouse Hub-and-spoke systems: the sole purpose of the warehouse (the hub) is sorting goods to consolidation areas, where each area is designed for shipment to a specific location. 15-5 Facility Location Issues Factors Proximity to customers – makes rapid delivery easier Business climate – can include presence of similar-sized businesses, businesses in the same industry, and other foreign companies Total costs – object is to minimize overall cost Infrastructure – adequate road, rail, air, and sea transportation along with energy and telecommunications Quality of labor – educational and skill levels must match needs Suppliers – proximity of important suppliers supports lean production Other facilities – location of other facilities can influence a location decision 15-6