Quản trị chuỗi cung ứng UEH - Lý thuyết chương 16

GLOBAL SOURCING AND PROCUREMENT Chapter Sixteen McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2014 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Learning Objectives LO16–1: Explain what strategic sourcing is. LO16–2: Explain why companies outsource processes. LO16–3: Analyze the total cost of ownership. LO16–4: Evaluate sourcing performance. 16-2 Strategic Sourcing Strategic sourcing: the development and management of supplier relationships to acquire goods and services in a way that aids in achieving the immediate needs of the business In the past, sourcing was another name for purchasing. As a result of globalization, sourcing implies a more complex process suitable for products that are strategically important. 16-3 Strategic Sourcing (continued) Specificity: refers to how common the item is and, in a relative sense, how many substitutes might be available Commonly available products can be purchased using a relatively simple process. Request for proposal (RFP): used for purchasing items that are more complex or expensive and where there may be a number of potential vendors Vendor-managed inventory: when a customer actually allows the supplier to manage an item or group of items for them 16-4 Sourcing/Purchasing Design Matrix 16-5 The Bullwhip Effect Bullwhip effect: phenomenon of variability magnification as we move from the customer to the producer in the supply chain A slight change in consumer sales ripples backward as magnified oscillations upstream, like the result of a flick of a bullwhip handle. Continuous replenishment: inventory is replaced frequently, as part of an ongoing process 16-6