Trắc nghiệm C4 TNKH hệ E - Trải nghiệm khách hàng UEL

Consumer Behavior, 13e, Global Edition (Solomon) Chapter 4 Learning Memory 1) A relative permanent change of behavior is called ________. A) lifestyles B) personality C) learning D) all of the above Answer: C Diff: 2 LO: 4.1: Conditioning results in learning. AACSB: Application of knowledge 2) Much learning takes effort and time, but some learning is so casual as to be unintentional. This type of learning is referred to as ________ learning. A) stage one B) subliminal C) incidental D) evoked Answer: C Diff: 2 LO: 4.1: Conditioning results in learning. AACSB: Application of knowledge 3) When Sophie hums a McDonald's jingle, it is an example of ________. A) brain worm B) incidental learning C) behavior D) consumer attention Answer: B Diff: 1 LO: 4.1: Conditioning results in learning. AACSB: Application of knowledge 4) Sam Bolton hums the Purina Cat Chow jingle as he drives down the expressway. A thought suddenly occurs to Sam: "Why am I humming this stupid jingle? I don't buy this stuff; in fact, I don't even have a cat." Sam knows this jingle is ________. A) stimulus generalization B) reinforcement modeling C) incidental learning lOMoARcPSD| 35096023 D) operant conditioning Answer: C Diff: 2 LO: 4.1: Conditioning results in learning. AACSB: Application of knowledge 5) Behavioral learning theorists do not focus on internal thought processes; rather, they look to external evidence to study learning. What aspects of the environment are of most concern to behaviorists in studying learning? A) energy and work B) stimulus and response C) thought and memory D) sensation and perception Answer: B Diff: 2 LO: 4.1: Conditioning results in learning. AACSB: Application of knowledge 6) Which theory listed below assumes that learning take place as the result of responses to external events? A) behavioral learning B) episodic learning C) incidental learning D) gestalt learning Answer: A Diff: 1 LO: 4.1: Conditioning results in learning. AACSB: Application of knowledge 7) Classical conditioning takes place when a(n) ________ is continuously matched with a(n) ________. A) conditioned stimulus; conditioned response B) unconditioned response; conditioned stimulus C) conditioned stimulus; unconditioned stimulus D) unconditioned stimulus; unconditioned response Answer: C Diff: 2 LO: 4.1: Conditioning results in learning. AACSB: Application of knowledge lOMoARcPSD| 35096023 8) If a conditioned stimulus is only occasionally matched with an unconditioned stimulus, the association between the two will become weakened. This is called ________. A) interface B) repetition C) the spacing effect D) extinction Answer: D Diff: 2 LO: 4.1: Conditioning results in learning. AACSB: Application of knowledge 9) Stimulus generalization refers to ________. A) the tendency for stimuli to be similar in nature B) the fact that most conditioned stimuli are similar to unconditioned stimuli C) the tendency of stimuli similar to a conditioned stimulus to evoke similar, conditioned responses D) the tendency for extinction to occur when an unconditioned stimulus does not follow a stimulus similar to a conditioned stimulus Answer: C Diff: 2 LO: 4.1: Conditioning results in learning. AACSB: Application of knowledge 10) Which of the following was first demonstrated by Ivan Pavlov? A) classical conditioning B) instrumental conditioning C) behavioral conditioning D) psychological conditioning Answer: A Diff: 2 LO: 4.1: Conditioning results in learning. AACSB: Application of knowledge 11) Family branding, licensing, and look-alike packaging are all marketing strategies based on ________. A) stimulus generalization B) the spacing effect C) stimulus discrimination D) extinction Answer: A lOMoARcPSD| 35096023 Diff: 2 LO: 4.1: Conditioning results in learning. AACSB: Application of knowledge lOMoARcPSD| 35096023 12) Frank is sitting in his Psychology 101 class listening to his professor attempt to explain the "black box" process and its connection with learning. He suddenly smells the aroma of fresh cinnamon rolls, and his mouth begins to water. He looks around the room and sees a student in the last row bite into a big, juicy roll. "I wish I were sitting next to him," Frank thinks, "because I know I could steal a bite." What Frank just went through in class was similar to the "black box" process being described by his professor. This process is more closely associated with which of the following learning methods? A) incidental learning B) gestalt learning C) cognitive learning D) behavioral learning Answer: D Diff: 2 LO: 4.1: Conditioning results in learning. AACSB: Application of knowledge 13) Scott thought of himself as a very successful marketer. He created a campaign with a product logo that was very popular and that customers associated with a quality product. It was so popular that in a few months, the logo began to appear almost everywhere. Instead of increasing sales of the product, the customer demand began to decrease as competitors' products became more successful. What characteristic of learning was most likely ruining Scott's apparent success? A) Too much repetition was decreasing the strength of the conditioning effect, thus leading to extinction of the learned relationship between the logo, the quality of the product, and the association with Scott's company. B) Customers confused Scott's logo with the logo of Scott's competitors, making cognitive learning incomplete. C) The logo produced only a fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement that did not sustain sales, while Scott's competitor used a variable-ratio schedule. D) Over time, the logo became boring, and customers punished Scott's company by buying competitors' products as a type of revenge for their boredom. Answer: A Diff: 3 LO: 4.1: Conditioning results in learning. AACSB: Reflective thinking 14) ________ refers to the tendency people have to react to stimuli similar to an original stimulus in a classical conditioning situation in much the same way they responded to the original stimulus. A) Extinction B) Repetition C) The cueing effect D) The halo effect LO: 4.1: Conditioning results in learning. AACSB: Application of knowledge lOMoARcPSD| 35096023 Answer: D Diff: 1 15) When a professor reviews a certain topic many times, he is practicing ________. A) psychological conditioning B) stimulus-response conditioning C) subliminal conditioning D) repetition conditioning Answer: D Diff: 2 LO: 4.1: Conditioning results in learning. AACSB: Application of knowledge 16) Licensing occurs when a company ________. A) uses family branding B) "rents" a well-known name C) extends a product line D) uses look-alike packaging Answer: B Diff: 2 LO: 4.1: Conditioning results in learning. AACSB: Application of knowledge 17) Herbal companies traditionally sold their products in cylinder-shaped plastic containers that were very characteristic of the herbal supplement market. One company broke with tradition and began to sell its herbal products in bottles that appeared to be straight from the pharmacy's shelf. They were rectangular with white labels that looked very professional. Sales went through the roof. What form of stimulus generalization most likely worked for the herbal company? A) masked branding B) halo effect C) continual reinforcement D) shaping Answer: B Diff: 2 LO: 4.1: Conditioning results in learning. AACSB: Application of knowledge 18) Instrumental conditioning occurs in which of the following ways? A) positive reinforcement